Landmark judgments, read for the exam bench.
Supreme Court judgments unpacked for the exam room — each entry carries the citation, the ratio, the key principle, and the exam-relevance map for CLAT, Judiciary, AIBE, UGC-NET and UPSC Law Optional. Written for the aspirant who will be asked to state the holding in sixty seconds.
Three judgments to start with.
Byluru Thippaiah v. State of Karnataka — Mitigation Reports in Death Penalty Sentencing
Supreme Court (2025 INSC 862) commuted death penalty to life without remission, holding mitigation reports under Manoj (2023) are constitutionally mandatory in capital sentencing.
State of Punjab v. Davinder Singh — Sub-Classification Within SC/STs Permitted
State of Punjab v. Davinder Singh (2024 INSC 562): 7-judge Bench, by 6:1, overruled E.V. Chinnaiah and upheld sub-classification within SCs/STs under Article 16(4).
Habban Shah v. Sheruddin — Section 28 Specific Relief Act and Self-Operative Rescission of Specific Performance Decrees
Habban Shah v Sheruddin (2026 INSC 451): SC held conditional specific performance decrees self-operative — no separate application needed to rescind under Section 28.
305 landmark judgments across 16 subjects.
Shephali Chakraborty v. State of West Bengal (2026): Guardian's Power to Develop a Minor's Property under Section 8 HMGA — Student Case Summary
Sonal Talpada v. Veerbhan Singh (2026): Mental Cruelty, Irretrievable Breakdown and Article 142 — Student Case Summary
Laksh Vir Singh Yadav v. Union of India (2026:DHC:4891): India's First Right to Be Forgotten Framework for Judicial Records
State of Telangana v. Mohd. Ismail (2026): Decades of Continuous Service and the Uma Devi Regularisation Test
Unison Hotels v. IFFCO Tokio — Delay in Rendering an Arbitral Award
Delhi HC Division Bench, 16 Sept 2026: a delayed arbitral award is set aside only if the delay is unexplained and affects its findings. Exam summary.
Ajay Surendra Patel v. DCIT — Section 179 and the Public–Private Company Line
Gujarat HC, 11 Sep 2026: a public company is not private for Section 179 because one director holds most shares. Facts, holdings, MCQs and exam notes.
Jyoti Sareen v Union of India (2026) — Section 147A Struck Down: Summary & Exam Relevance
Jyoti Sareen v Union of India (2026:PHHC:128067-DB): P&H HC held Section 147A Income-tax Act unconstitutional. Summary, holdings, MCQ and exam notes.
In re Suo Motu — High Court Judgment Pronouncement and Upload Timelines: Summary and Exam Relevance
Parvinder Singh v. Directorate of Enforcement (2026 INSC 519): PMLA Cognisance Void Without BNSS Pre-Hearing
Indian Bank v. Shabbir Abbas Patel (2026) — IBC Section 96(4), Retroactivity and the Mischief Rule
Bombay HC (18 Sept 2026) held IBC Section 96(4) retroactive, applying the mischief rule. Summary, holdings, MCQ and exam angle for judiciary aspirants.
Syed Iftikhar Andrabi v. Union of India — UAPA Bail, Prolonged Incarceration and K.A. Najeeb
Supreme Court (Nagarathna & Bhuyan JJ.) granted bail under UAPA on prolonged-incarceration grounds, reaffirming K.A. Najeeb (2021). Case summary for judiciary exams.
Habban Shah v. Sheruddin — Section 28 Specific Relief Act and Self-Operative Rescission of Specific Performance Decrees
Habban Shah v Sheruddin (2026 INSC 451): SC held conditional specific performance decrees self-operative — no separate application needed to rescind under Section 28.
Argue the ratio, not just the citation.
Three days, full access, no credit card. 305 landmark judgments analysed for the exam bench — each grounded in the citation, the paragraph, and the principle that still binds.